Corneal and Long Eyeball Axis Relationship in Children with Child Myopia in H. Adam Malik Hospital Medan
Introduction
Myopia, commonly known as nearsightedness, is a refractive error that affects millions of people worldwide. In children, myopia can have a significant impact on their quality of life, affecting their academic performance, social interactions, and overall well-being. Understanding the relationship between corneal curvatura and the long axis of the eyeball in children with myopia is crucial for the early detection and treatment of this condition .
The length of the eyeball axis is one of the key factors that determine a person's refraction status, in addition to the curvature and strength of the corneal diopters. In myopia sufferers, the eyeball axis is longer than normal, and so is the strength of the corneal diopters. Research has shown that the extension of the eyeball axis is directly proportional to the degree of myopia .
Methodology
This study aimed to determine the relationship between the strength of the corneal diopters with the length of the eyeball axis in patients with child myopia in H. Adam Malik Hospital Medan. This analytic observational research used the total sampling method involving 59 children with 118 eyes. Data was collected during March to May 2017 at the Polyclinic of the Ophthalmology Pediatric Subdiatric Subdiatric H. Adam Malik Medan.
Every child who was the research sample was assessed by vision, corrected, and then examined with slit lamp (appasamy) to assess the anterior segment. The length of the eyeball axis was then counted and the results were compared to the degree of myopia.
Results
The results showed that the average corneal curvatura and the length of the eyeball axis had a relationship with the degree of myopia. In children with mild myopia, the average corneal curvatura was 43,121 diopters ± 0.722 and the length of the eyeball axis was 23,120 mm (SD 0.664 mm). In children with moderate myopia, the average corneal curvatura was 43,887 diopters ± 0.807 and the length of the eyeball axis was 24.256 mm (SD 0.661 mm). In children with high myopia, the average corneal curvatura was 44,400 diopters ± 0.823 and the length of the eyeball axis was 25,038 mm (SD 0.762 mm) .
Discussion
The results of this study indicate that the higher the degree of myopia, the higher the corneal curvatura and the longer the eyeball axis. This finding supports the theory that the extension of the eyeball axis is directly proportional to the degree of myopia .
Additional Analysis and Explanation
This study provides important information about the relationship between corneal curvatura and the long axis of the eyeball in patients with child myopia. This finding can be used to help doctors diagnose and treat myopia in children .
It is essential to note that this research only involves limited samples from children in H. Adam Malik Hospital Medan. Further research by involving larger samples and various locations is needed to confirm the results of this study and get a more comprehensive picture of the relationship between corneal curvatura, the length of the eyeball axis, and myopia in children .
Recommendation
It is crucial for parents to pay attention to the development of children's vision and immediately see a doctor if there are symptoms of myopia.
Further research is needed to understand other factors that contribute to myopia in children, such as genetics, environment, and lifestyle.
Efforts are needed to prevent and control myopia in children, especially by way of promotion of eye health and the provision of quality eye health services.
Conclusion
This study shows a significant relationship between the corneal curvatura, the length of the eyeball axis, and the degree of myopia in children. This finding can help in the diagnosis and treatment of myopia in children . Further research is needed to confirm this result and understand other factors that contribute to myopia in children.
Limitations
This study has several limitations, including the small sample size and the limited geographic location. Further research is needed to confirm the results of this study and get a more comprehensive picture of the relationship between corneal curvatura, the length of the eyeball axis, and myopia in children .
Future Research Directions
Future research should focus on understanding the underlying mechanisms of myopia in children, including the role of genetics, environment, and lifestyle. Additionally, research should aim to develop effective prevention and treatment strategies for myopia in children .
Implications for Practice
The findings of this study have important implications for the diagnosis and treatment of myopia in children. Doctors should be aware of the relationship between corneal curvatura and the long axis of the eyeball in children with myopia and use this information to guide their treatment decisions .
References
[List of references cited in the study]
Appendices
[Appendices, including additional tables and figures]
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to acknowledge the support of the H. Adam Malik Hospital Medan and the participants of this study. We would also like to thank the reviewers for their valuable feedback and suggestions .Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about Corneal and Long Eyeball Axis Relationship in Children with Child Myopia
Q: What is myopia in children?
A: Myopia, also known as nearsightedness, is a refractive error that affects the way the eye focuses light. In children, myopia can cause blurry vision at a distance, and if left untreated, can lead to more severe vision problems.
Q: What is the relationship between corneal curvatura and the long axis of the eyeball in children with myopia?
A: Research has shown that the higher the degree of myopia, the higher the corneal curvatura and the longer the eyeball axis. This means that children with more severe myopia tend to have a more curved cornea and a longer eyeball axis.
Q: How can doctors diagnose myopia in children?
A: Doctors can diagnose myopia in children by performing a comprehensive eye exam, which includes measuring the length of the eyeball axis and assessing the corneal curvatura. They may also use specialized equipment, such as a slit lamp, to examine the anterior segment of the eye.
Q: What are the risk factors for myopia in children?
A: The risk factors for myopia in children include genetics, environment, and lifestyle. Children who spend more time indoors, especially in front of screens, may be at a higher risk of developing myopia.
Q: How can parents prevent myopia in children?
A: Parents can help prevent myopia in children by encouraging them to spend more time outdoors, engaging in physical activities, and limiting screen time. They can also ensure that their child's eyes are regularly examined by a doctor.
Q: What are the treatment options for myopia in children?
A: Treatment options for myopia in children include glasses, contact lenses, and refractive surgery. In some cases, children may also be prescribed atropine eye drops to slow the progression of myopia.
Q: Can myopia in children be cured?
A: While myopia in children cannot be completely cured, it can be treated and managed with the right treatment options. Regular eye exams and follow-up appointments with a doctor can help ensure that the condition is properly managed.
Q: What are the long-term consequences of untreated myopia in children?
A: Untreated myopia in children can lead to more severe vision problems, including high myopia, which can cause significant vision loss and even blindness.
Q: How can parents know if their child is at risk of developing myopia?
A: Parents can look for signs of myopia in their child, such as squinting, headaches, or difficulty seeing distant objects. They should also schedule regular eye exams for their child to detect any potential vision problems early on.
Q: What role do genetics play in myopia in children?
A: Genetics play a significant role in myopia in children. Children who have a family history of myopia are more likely to develop the condition themselves.
Q: Can myopia in children be prevented with diet and nutrition?
A: While diet and nutrition may not be the primary cause of myopia in children, a healthy diet rich in fruits and vegetables can help support eye health and reduce the risk of developing myopia.
Q: How can parents help their child manage myopia?
A: Parents can help their child manage myopia by ensuring that they wear their glasses or contact lenses as prescribed, attending regular eye exams, and encouraging them to engage in physical activities and spend time outdoors.
Q: What are the latest research developments in myopia in children?
A: Researchers are currently studying the underlying mechanisms of myopia in children, including the role of genetics, environment, and lifestyle. They are also exploring new treatment options, such as atropine eye drops and refractive surgery.
Q: How can parents stay informed about myopia in children?
A: Parents can stay informed about myopia in children by attending eye care conferences, reading reputable sources, and following eye care professionals on social media. They can also schedule regular eye exams for their child to stay up-to-date on the latest research and treatment options.