The Relationship Between Glycemic Control and the Number of Candida in People with Diabetes Mellitus in Pirngadi Regional Hospital Medan

Oct 13, 2025 by thesweetdesigns.com 17 views

The Relationship Between Glycemic Control and the Number of Candida in People with Diabetes Mellitus in Pirngadi Regional Hospital Medan

Introduction

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is one of the most pressing health challenges in Indonesia and worldwide. It not only affects individual health but also has a significant impact on the quality of human resources and triggers a substantial increase in healthcare costs. One of the complications that people with DM often experience is the increasing number of candida fungi, which can result in various abnormalities in the oral cavity, including candidiasis. This study aims to analyze the relationship between glycemic control and the number of candida in patients with DM who are treated at Pirngadi Regional Hospital Medan.

Background

Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood sugar levels, which can lead to various complications, including cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, and nerve damage. In addition to these complications, people with DM are also at risk of developing oral infections, such as candidiasis, which can be caused by an overgrowth of candida fungi in the oral cavity. Candidiasis is a common oral infection that can cause symptoms such as white patches on the tongue, gums, and mucous membranes, as well as difficulty swallowing and speaking.

Methodology

This study uses an analytic survey method with a cross-sectional approach, which is carried out in the Internal Medicine Hospital in Medan and Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of North Sumatra. As many as 40 people with type 2 DM became the subject of research. Demographic data from the subject obtained through direct interviews and analysis of medical records. The diagnosis of diabetes is determined based on medical records, while the glycemic control status is measured using the results of the last blood glucose examination. To take Candida samples, the oral rinse concentrated method is used with 10 ml of phosphate-buffered saline solution. Data analysis was carried out by the Chi-Square statistical method.

Demographic Characteristics of the Subjects

From this study, it was found that the majority of subjects were aged between 49-59 years, with a proportion of women reaching 60%. The most common glycemic control status is poor glycemic control, with 55% of the subjects showing this result. In addition, an increase in the number of candida (> 100 cfu/ml) was found in 50% of the subjects who experience poor glycemic control.

Relationship Between Glycemic Control and the Number of Candida

The results of statistical analysis show a significant relationship between glycemic control and the number of candida, with the value of p = 0,0002 (p <0.05). This indicates that there is a strong correlation between glycemic control and the number of candida in patients with DM.

Conclusion

Thus, this study concluded that there was a significant relationship between glycemic control and the number of candida in patients with DM in Pirngadi Regional Hospital Medan. This condition gives an indication that better glycemic control management can contribute to reducing the number of candida, which in turn can prevent serious oral complications in patients with DM.

Implications for Healthcare Providers

It is essential for medical personnel to provide education and care that focuses on controlling blood glucose levels to prevent the risk of fungal infections and other health complications in diabetics. These efforts can include eating patterns, increased physical activity, and routine monitoring of blood sugar levels to achieve optimal glycemic control. By implementing these strategies, healthcare providers can help reduce the number of candida in patients with DM and prevent serious oral complications.

Recommendations for Future Research

This study highlights the importance of glycemic control in preventing oral infections in patients with DM. Future research should focus on developing effective strategies for improving glycemic control and reducing the number of candida in patients with DM. Additionally, studies should investigate the relationship between glycemic control and other oral infections, such as periodontitis, to better understand the impact of diabetes on oral health.

Limitations of the Study

This study has several limitations, including the small sample size and the use of a cross-sectional approach. Future studies should aim to recruit a larger sample size and use a longitudinal approach to better understand the relationship between glycemic control and the number of candida in patients with DM.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this study found a significant relationship between glycemic control and the number of candida in patients with DM in Pirngadi Regional Hospital Medan. This highlights the importance of glycemic control in preventing oral infections in patients with DM. By implementing effective strategies for improving glycemic control, healthcare providers can help reduce the number of candida in patients with DM and prevent serious oral complications.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About the Relationship Between Glycemic Control and the Number of Candida in People with Diabetes Mellitus

Q: What is the relationship between glycemic control and the number of candida in people with diabetes mellitus?

A: This study found a significant relationship between glycemic control and the number of candida in patients with diabetes mellitus. The results showed that patients with poor glycemic control had a higher number of candida in their oral cavity compared to those with good glycemic control.

Q: What is the impact of poor glycemic control on the number of candida in people with diabetes mellitus?

A: Poor glycemic control can lead to an increase in the number of candida in the oral cavity, which can cause various oral infections, including candidiasis. This can result in symptoms such as white patches on the tongue, gums, and mucous membranes, as well as difficulty swallowing and speaking.

Q: How can healthcare providers help reduce the number of candida in people with diabetes mellitus?

A: Healthcare providers can help reduce the number of candida in people with diabetes mellitus by implementing effective strategies for improving glycemic control. This can include educating patients on healthy eating patterns, increasing physical activity, and routine monitoring of blood sugar levels.

Q: What are some effective strategies for improving glycemic control in people with diabetes mellitus?

A: Some effective strategies for improving glycemic control in people with diabetes mellitus include:

Eating a healthy diet that is low in sugar and refined carbohydrates
Increasing physical activity, such as walking or other forms of exercise
Monitoring blood sugar levels regularly and adjusting medication as needed
Working with a healthcare provider to develop a personalized plan for managing diabetes

Q: Can people with diabetes mellitus prevent oral infections, such as candidiasis, by improving glycemic control?

A: Yes, people with diabetes mellitus can reduce their risk of oral infections, such as candidiasis, by improving glycemic control. By maintaining good blood sugar levels, individuals with diabetes can reduce the number of candida in their oral cavity and prevent oral infections.

Q: What are some common symptoms of candidiasis in people with diabetes mellitus?

A: Some common symptoms of candidiasis in people with diabetes mellitus include:

White patches on the tongue, gums, and mucous membranes
Difficulty swallowing and speaking
Redness and inflammation of the oral cavity
Pain or discomfort in the oral cavity

Q: How can people with diabetes mellitus prevent candidiasis?

A: People with diabetes mellitus can prevent candidiasis by:

Maintaining good blood sugar levels
Practicing good oral hygiene, such as brushing and flossing regularly
Avoiding sugary and refined carbohydrates
Working with a healthcare provider to develop a personalized plan for managing diabetes

Q: What are some potential complications of candidiasis in people with diabetes mellitus?

A: Some potential complications of candidiasis in people with diabetes mellitus include:

Spread of the infection to other parts of the body
Development of antibiotic-resistant strains of candida
Increased risk of other oral infections, such as periodontitis
Decreased quality of life due to symptoms and discomfort.