Improving Information Affordability

Oct 13, 2025 by thesweetdesigns.com 132 views

Factors Affecting the Utilization of Health Services by Participants in Poor Community Health Maintenance (JPKMM) at the Bandar Khalipah Puskesmas Deli Serdang Regency in 2006

Introduction

The Poor Health Maintenance Program (JPKMM) is a government initiative aimed at improving access and quality of health services for the poor. However, despite its objectives, the level of utilization of health services by JPKMM participants at the Bandar Khalipah Health Center in Deli Serdang Regency in 2006 was still low, below 10% per month, even though the target was at least 15%. This study aims to identify the factors that influence the use of health services by JPKMM participants and provide recommendations to increase service utilization.

Methodology

A survey study with an explanatory research type was conducted to understand the causes of low service utilization. The study involved 98 JPKMM participants from a total of 3633 registered families. The results of the study using logistical regression analysis showed three main factors that influence the use of health services:

Knowledge

The level of knowledge of JPKMM participants regarding this program has a significant influence (p = 0.001). The higher the participants' knowledge about JPKMM, the more likely they are utilizing health services. Lack of clear information about the program, benefits, and procedures for getting services can hamper participants' access. This highlights the importance of providing accurate and accessible information to JPKMM participants.

The Role of Knowledge in Service Utilization

Knowledge is a critical factor in determining the use of health services by JPKMM participants. Participants who have a better understanding of the program, its benefits, and the procedures for obtaining services are more likely to utilize health services. This is because they are aware of the services available and how to access them. On the other hand, participants who lack knowledge about the program may not be aware of the services available and may not know how to access them, leading to low service utilization.

Socio-Cultural Factors

Socio-cultural factors also proved to have a significant effect (p = 0.001). Social behavior and norms that apply in the community, such as trust in traditional medicine or reluctance to go to health facilities, can influence the decisions of participants in utilizing JPKMM services. This highlights the importance of understanding the socio-cultural context of the community and tailoring the program to meet their needs.

The Role of Socio-Cultural Factors in Service Utilization

Socio-cultural factors play a significant role in determining the use of health services by JPKMM participants. Participants who are influenced by social norms and behaviors that discourage the use of health services may not utilize health services, even if they are eligible. This is because they may not see the value in using health services or may be hesitant to seek medical attention due to cultural or social reasons.

Distance

The distance of the residence of the participants and the Puskesmas also had a significant effect (p = 0.010). The farther the distance, the lower the possibility of participants to take advantage of health services. This shows the importance of service accessibility, especially for people in remote areas.

The Role of Distance in Service Utilization

Distance is a significant barrier to service utilization for JPKMM participants. Participants who live far from the Puskesmas may not be able to access health services due to the distance. This is because they may not have the means to travel to the Puskesmas or may not be able to afford the cost of transportation. This highlights the importance of increasing service accessibility, especially for people in remote areas.

Equations Resulting from Logistics Regression Analysis

The equations resulting from logistics regression analysis are:

y = -18.103 + 1,341 (x1) + 4,326 (x2) + 1,436 (x3)

Where:

Y = probability of the use of health services
X1 = level of knowledge
X2 = socio-cultural factors
X3 = distance

This equation shows that every increase in the variables of knowledge, socio-cultural, and distance, will increase the probability of the use of health services.

Solution to Increase Service Use

Based on the results of the study, here are some solutions that can be done by the Bandar Khalipah Health Center:

Improving Information Affordability

Puskesmas need to provide clear and easy to understand information to JPKMM participants about the program, benefits, and procedures for obtaining health services. Program socialization regularly and through various communication media can help increase the knowledge of participants.

Implementing an Effective Socialization Strategy

Socialization of the JPKMM program must be adjusted to the socio-cultural characteristics of the community. Involving community leaders and religious leaders in the process of delivering information can be more effective.

Increasing Service Accessibility

To overcome distance constraints, Puskesmas can increase health activities outside the building such as mobile health centers, especially in remote areas.

Encouraging Service Use

Puskesmas can collect data on JPKMM participants who have utilized health services. This data can be used to evaluate programs and develop new strategies to encourage service use.

By increasing knowledge, overcoming socio-cultural barriers, and increasing service accessibility, it is expected that the use of JPKMM services at the Bandar Khalipah Health Center can increase and reach a minimum target of 15% per month. This will help the realization of equitable and quality access to health services for the poor.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about Factors Affecting the Utilization of Health Services by Participants in Poor Community Health Maintenance (JPKMM) at the Bandar Khalipah Puskesmas Deli Serdang Regency in 2006

Q: What is the Poor Health Maintenance Program (JPKMM)?

A: The Poor Health Maintenance Program (JPKMM) is a government initiative aimed at improving access and quality of health services for the poor.

Q: What is the main objective of the JPKMM program?

A: The main objective of the JPKMM program is to improve access and quality of health services for the poor.

Q: What is the target utilization rate of health services by JPKMM participants?

A: The target utilization rate of health services by JPKMM participants is at least 15% per month.

Q: What are the factors that influence the use of health services by JPKMM participants?

A: The factors that influence the use of health services by JPKMM participants are knowledge, socio-cultural factors, and distance.

Q: What is the role of knowledge in service utilization?

A: Knowledge is a critical factor in determining the use of health services by JPKMM participants. Participants who have a better understanding of the program, its benefits, and the procedures for obtaining services are more likely to utilize health services.

Q: What is the role of socio-cultural factors in service utilization?

A: Socio-cultural factors play a significant role in determining the use of health services by JPKMM participants. Participants who are influenced by social norms and behaviors that discourage the use of health services may not utilize health services, even if they are eligible.

Q: What is the role of distance in service utilization?

A: Distance is a significant barrier to service utilization for JPKMM participants. Participants who live far from the Puskesmas may not be able to access health services due to the distance.

Q: What are the solutions to increase service use?

A: The solutions to increase service use are:

Improving information affordability
Implementing an effective socialization strategy
Increasing service accessibility
Encouraging service use

Q: How can Puskesmas improve information affordability?

A: Puskesmas can improve information affordability by providing clear and easy to understand information to JPKMM participants about the program, benefits, and procedures for obtaining health services. Program socialization regularly and through various communication media can help increase the knowledge of participants.

Q: How can Puskesmas implement an effective socialization strategy?

A: Puskesmas can implement an effective socialization strategy by adjusting the program to the socio-cultural characteristics of the community. Involving community leaders and religious leaders in the process of delivering information can be more effective.

Q: How can Puskesmas increase service accessibility?

A: Puskesmas can increase service accessibility by increasing health activities outside the building such as mobile health centers, especially in remote areas.

Q: How can Puskesmas encourage service use?

A: Puskesmas can encourage service use by collecting data on JPKMM participants who have utilized health services. This data can be used to evaluate programs and develop new strategies to encourage service use.

Q: What are the benefits of increasing service use?

A: The benefits of increasing service use are:

Improved access to health services for the poor
Increased utilization of health services
Better health outcomes for JPKMM participants
Improved quality of life for JPKMM participants

Q: What are the challenges of increasing service use?

A: The challenges of increasing service use are:

Limited resources and funding
Limited capacity and infrastructure
Limited awareness and knowledge among JPKMM participants
Limited accessibility and availability of health services

Q: How can Puskesmas overcome the challenges of increasing service use?

A: Puskesmas can overcome the challenges of increasing service use by:

Increasing resources and funding
Improving capacity and infrastructure
Increasing awareness and knowledge among JPKMM participants
Increasing accessibility and availability of health services